Ocean of Knowledge
The Second Round Table Conference was a series of talks and negotiations between the British government and Indian political leaders that took place in London in 1931. The conference was the second of three such conferences that were held to discuss the future of India and the constitutional reforms that were needed to achieve greater…
Gandhi-Irwin Pact/Delhi Pact (March 5, 1931) The Gandhi-Irwin Pact, also known as the Delhi Pact, was a political agreement that was reached between Mahatma Gandhi and the British government in 1931. The pact was an attempt to resolve the longstanding differences between the Indian independence movement and the British government, and to end the campaign…
It was held in London on Nov. 12, 1930, to discuss the Simon Commission, but was totally boycotted by the Indian National Congress. The Commission had proposed self-government in the provinces and federation of British India and the princely states at the Centre. However, the representative of the Muslim League, Liberals and other parties had…
The Committee was set up under the chairmanship of Motilal Nehru to determine the principles of the constitution before actually drafting it. The chief architects of the report were Motilal Nehru and Tej Bahadur Sapru. The recommendation evoked a lively debate concerning the goal of India-Dominion Status or Complete Independence.
The Simon Commission, also known as the Indian Statutory Commission, was a group of seven British politicians who were sent to India in 1927 to review and report on the working of the Indian constitution. The Commission was headed by John Simon, a British lawyer and politician. The Simon Commission was controversial in India, as…
The Swaraj Party, also known as the Indian National Congress (Swarajya Party), was a political party in India that was active in the 1920s and 1930s. The party was founded in 1923 by a group of politicians who had split from the Indian National Congress, the main political party of the Indian independence movement. The…
At the Calcutta session in Sep. 1920, the Congress resolved in favour of the Non-cooperation Movement and defined Swaraj as its ultimate aim (according to Gandhi). The movement envisaged: (i) Surrender of titles and honorary offices and resignation from nominated offices; (ii) Refusal to attend government darbars and official functions and boycott of British courts…
The Rowlatt Act, also known as the Anarchical and revolutionary crimes act, was a legislation passed by the British government in India in 1919. It granted the government the power to arrest and imprison individuals suspected of sedition or revolutionary activities without trial. The act was named after Sidney Rowlatt, the chairman of the committee…
Jallianwala Bagh Massacre (April 13, 1919): The arrest of Dr. Saifuddin Kitchlu and Dr. Satypal on April 10, 1919, under the Rowlatt Act in connection with Satyagraha caused serious unrest in Punjab. A public meeting was held on April 13, 1919 in a park called Jallianwala Bagh in Amritsar where thousands of people including women…
Dandi March/SaltSatyagraha (1930): The Salt Satyagraha, also known as the Salt March, was a non-violent civil disobedience movement launched by Mahatma Gandhi and the Indian National Congress in 1930. It was a protest against the British Salt Act, which imposed a tax on salt production in India, and was a key event in India’s struggle…