The Swaraj Party, also known as the Indian National Congress (Swarajya Party), was a political party in India that was active in the 1920s and 1930s. The party was founded in 1923 by a group of politicians who had split from the Indian National Congress, the main political party of the Indian independence movement.
The Swaraj Party was led by Chittaranjan Das, a prominent lawyer and politician who was a member of the Indian National Congress. Das and other leaders of the Swaraj Party believed that the Congress had become too moderate and that more radical action was needed to achieve independence from British rule. They also believed that the Congress was not sufficiently representative of the diverse and complex society of India.
The Swaraj Party was committed to the principles of nonviolence and civil disobedience, and it sought to work within the existing constitutional framework to achieve independence. It opposed the use of violence and sought to work with the British government to negotiate a settlement that would grant independence to India.
The Swaraj Party was initially successful in attracting support from a wide range of political groups and regions in India. It won a significant number of seats in the 1924 and 1926 elections to the Central Legislative Assembly and became a major force in Indian politics.
However, the Swaraj Party faced several challenges and setbacks in the late 1920s and 1930s. It was divided by internal factions and struggled to maintain unity. It also faced growing competition from the more radical Congress Party, which had adopted a more aggressive stance towards British rule.
In the 1930s, the Swaraj Party began to decline in influence and eventually merged with the Congress Party in 1934. The Swaraj Party played an important role in the Indian independence movement, but it ultimately failed to achieve its goal of independence for India. Its legacy is remembered as an important part of the history of Indian politics and the struggle for independence.