Ocean of Knowledge
Wildlife (Protection) Act (WPA), 1972 03 May 2021 11 min read Introduction Constitutional Provisions for Wildlife: The 42nd Amendment Act, 1976, Forests and Protection of Wild Animals and Birds was transferred from State to Concurrent List. Article 51 A (g) of the Constitution states that it shall be the fundamental duty of every citizen to…
Green Revolution 31 May 2021 14 min read Introduction The Green Revolution was an endeavour initiated by Norman Borlaug in the 1960s. He is known as the ‘Father of Green Revolution’ in world. It led to him winning the Nobel Peace Prize in 1970 for his work in developing High Yielding Varieties (HYVs) of wheat….
Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 28 Jun 2021 10 min read Introduction Overview: The Environment (Protection) Act (EPA) was enacted in 1986 with the objective of providing the protection and improvement of the environment. It empowers the Central Government to establish authorities charged with the mandate of preventing environmental pollution in all its forms and to…
Cooperative Movement in India 26 Jul 2021 16 min read Cooperatives in India Definition: The International Cooperative Alliance (ICA) defines a Cooperative as “an autonomous association of persons united voluntarily to meet their common economic, social, and cultural needs and aspirations through a jointly-owned and democratically-controlled enterprise.” Constitutional Provisions: The Constitution (97th Amendment) Act, 2011…
Soilless Farming Techniques 17 Aug 2021 9 min read Introduction Soilless Cultivation generally refers to any method of growing plants without soil as a rooting medium. Need of Soilless Cultivation: Ensuring Food Security for the Increasing Population: To ensure global food security to meet the demands under uncertainty as COVID-19 pandemic and increasing population, food…
Mangrove Forests 23 Aug 2021 10 min read Introduction About: A Mangrove is a small tree or shrub that grows along coastlines, taking root in salty sediments, often underwater. The word ‘mangrove’ may refer to the habitat as a whole or to the trees and shrubs in the mangrove swamp. Mangroves are flowering trees, belonging…
Microplastics 06 Sep 2021 9 min read Introduction About: Plastic pollution that ends up in the ocean deteriorates and breaks down and ends up as Microplastics. Microplastics are plastic particles less than 5mm in diameter. Classification: Primary Microplastics: They are tiny particles designed for commercial use and microfibers shed from clothing and other textiles. E.g….
Carbon Farming 13 Oct 2021 8 min read Introduction Carbon: It is recognized as a key energy currency of biological systems, including agriculture. Agricultural production depends on plant photosynthesis to move CO2 out of the atmosphere and into the plant, where it is transformed into agricultural products: food, flora, fuel or fiber. Agriculture and Carbon…
Watershed Management 25 Oct 2021 9 min read Overview Watershed: About: A watershed (also called drainage basin/catchment area) is an area of land that drains or “sheds” water into a specific waterbody. It is an independent drainage unit for surface water runoff. One watershed is separated from another by a natural boundary known as the…
Wetlands 09 Feb 2022 15 min read Why in News? World Wetlands Day is celebrated every year on 2nd February. This day marks the date of the adoption of the Convention on Wetlands on 2 February 1971, in Ramsar, Iran. In 2022 World Wetlands Day was celebrated with a theme – Wetlands Action for People…