English Short Question Answers: Mandela
1) What is ‘apartheid’?
Ans: ‘Apartheid’ is a political system that separates people according to their race which was made by white rule.
2) Who wrote the autobiography, “Long Walk to Freedom”?
Ans: Nelson Mandela wrote the autobiography, “Long Walk to Freedom”.
3) What is the full name of Mr. Mandela?
Ans: The full name of Mr. Mandela is Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela.
4) When was the democratic elections held in South Africa?
Ans: ‘The democratic elections’ was first held in the year 1994 in South Africa.
5) Who surrounded(Beri dhara/ aguri dhara) the author before the ‘inauguration’?
Ans: Politicians and dignitaries from more than 140 countries
around the world surrounded the author before the ‘inauguration’.
6. Where did the ceremonies take place?
Ans: The ceremonies took place in the lovely sandstone amphitheatre in the Union Buildings in Pretoria.
7. What had been the seat of white supremacy for decades?
Ans: The lovely sandstone amphitheatre in the Union Buildings in Pretoria had been the seat of white supremacy for decades.
8. Who were the leaders present there?
Ans: The leaders present there were Mr Nelson Mandela, the new president of South Africa; Mr de Klerk, the second deputy president; Mr Thabo Mbeki, the first deputy president; and others leaders of the new non-racial Government.
9. Why did the leaders gather in South Africa on 10th May, 1994?
Ans: The leaders gathered in South Africa to pay their respects to Mr Nelson Mandela and their new first
democratic and non-racial Government.
10. Who accompanied the author on that lovely autumn day?
Ans: Nelson Madela’s daughter Zenani accompanied him on that lovely autumn day.
11. Who was sworn in as the second deputy president?
Ans: Mr de Klerk was sworn in as the second deputy president.
12. Who was sworn in as first deputy president?
Ans: Thabo Mbeki was sworn in as first deputy president.
13. What roared (Gujarani Mara) in perfect formation over the Union Buildings?
Ans: South African jets, helicopters and troop carriers roared in perfect formation over the Union Buildings.
14. What could the highest generals have done to the author earlier?
Ans: The highest generals could have arrested the author, Nelson Mandela earlier. That day, instead this, they gave saluted which was given after the new president of South Africa.
15. What were the colours emitted(Nirgot Kara) by a chevron of Impala jets?
Ans: The colours emitted by a chevron of Impala jets were — black, red, green, blue and gold of the new South African Flag.
16. What did the smoke trail of Impala jets symbolise?
Ans: The smoke trail of Impala jets symbolised the new South African flag.
17. Name the two national anthems sung on that historic day?
Ans: The two national anthems sung on that historic day were – Nkosi Sikelel -iAfrika by the whites and ‘Die Stem’ by the blacks.
18. What happened in the first decade of the twentieth century?
Ans: In the first decade of the twentieth century, the whites in South Africa erected a system of racial domination over the blacks which was known as ‘Apartheid’ system.
19. Who formed the structure of one of the harshest and most inhumane societies?
20. Ans: The policy of apartheid (system) formed the structure of one of the harshest and most inhuman societies.
21. How old was the author at the time of ‘inauguration’?
Ans: The author was in his eighty years old at the time of the ‘inauguration’.
22. What created a deep and lasting wound in South Africa?
Ans: The policy of apartheid created a deep and lasting wound in South Africa.
23. What qualities did the great man viz. Oliver Tambos, Walter Sisulus, Chief Luthulis display?
Ans: The great man viz. Oliver Tambos, Walter Sisulus, Chief Luthulis displayed the qualities of courage, wisdom and generosity, also their sacrifices for their country; and from these characters Nelson Mandela inspired.
24. How many obligations does every man have according to the author?
Ans: According to Mandela in a life of every man has twin obligations — obligations to his family, to his parents, to his wife and children; and he has an obligation to his people, his community, his country.
25. Why could men not fulfill their twin obligations?
Ans: In South Africa, if a man of colour (coloured person) tried to fulfill his obligations to his people, he is isolated and punished. Also, he was prevented from fulfilling his obligations to his family. So, men could not fulfill their twin obligations in South Africa earlier.
26. Name the party joined by the author?
Ans: The name of the party joined by the author(Mandela) was “African National Congress”(ANC).
27. What distinctions does Nelson Mandela attain after more than three centuries of white rule?
Ans: Nelson Mandela attained the distinction of having freed his nation from the rule of the whites.
28. How many seats were won by Nelson Mandela’s party in the first democratic elections of South Africa?
Ans: Nelson Mandela’s party won 252 seats among the 400 seats in the first democratic elections of South Africa.
29. How many years did Nelson Mandela spend in prison?
Ans: Nelson Mandela spent thirty years in prison.
30. When did Nelson Mandela die?
Ans: Nelson Mandela died in 2013.
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