PHP Control structures

PHP has several control structures that allow you to control the flow of your code based on certain conditions. Here are some examples of common control structures in PHP:

if statement

The if statement allows you to execute a block of code if a condition is true.

$x = 10;

if ($x > 5) {
  echo "x is greater than 5";
}

You can also use the else keyword to specify a block of code to be executed if the condition is false.

$x = 10;

if ($x > 5) {
  echo "x is greater than 5";
} else {
  echo "x is not greater than 5";
}

You can also use the elseif keyword to specify additional conditions to be checked.

$x = 10;

if ($x > 15) {
  echo "x is greater than 15";
} elseif ($x > 5) {
  echo "x is greater than 5 but not greater than 15";
} else {
  echo "x is not greater than 5";
}

switch statement

The switch statement allows you to execute a block of code based on the value of a variable.

$x = "apple";

switch ($x) {
  case "apple":
    echo "x is an apple";
    break;
  case "banana":
    echo "x is a banana";
    break;
  case "orange":
    echo "x is an orange";
    break;
  default:
    echo "x is something else";
}

while loop

The while loop allows you to execute a block of code repeatedly as long as a condition is true.

$x = 0;

while ($x < 5) {
  echo "x is $x\n";
  $x++;
}

do while loop

The do while loop is similar to the while loop, but the block of code is executed at least once before the condition is checked.

$x = 0;

do {
  echo "x is $x\n";
  $x++;
} while ($x < 5);

for loop

The for loop allows you to execute a block of code a specified number of times.

for ($x = 0; $x < 5; $x++) {
  echo "x is $x\n";
}

These are just a few examples of the control structures available in PHP. You can use these structures to create more complex programs and logic.